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Following is a list of persons who have served in all three branches of the United States federal government. Membership in this list is limited to persons who have: # Served in the executive branch, as President of the United States, Vice President, a Cabinet officer, or another executive branch office requiring confirmation by the United States Senate; ''and'' # Served as a member of either the United States Senate or of the House of Representatives; ''and'' # Served as a United States federal judge on a court established under Article Three of the United States Constitution. ==Summary== More than twenty men can claim to have served in all three federal government branches. The first person to achieve this distinction was John Marshall, when he was confirmed to the Supreme Court in 1801, having briefly served in Congress and as Secretary of State. The most recent person to join the list was James L. Buckley, who had already been President of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and a U.S. Senator when he was appointed to the Second Circuit Court of Appeals in 1985. Of those who have served in all three branches, ten served as a United States Attorney; five served as Attorney General; four served as Secretary of the Navy; three served as Secretary of the Treasury; two served as Secretary of State; two served as Secretary of the Interior; two served as Director of the Office of Economic Stabilization; one served as Secretary of Labor; one served as Secretary of War; one served as Postmaster General, while this office was still a cabinet post. Three held multiple Cabinet posts. Although many Presidents and Vice Presidents have also served in Congress, and one later served on the Supreme Court, none has ever served in all three branches. With respect to legislative service, ten of these men were Senators and eighteen were Representatives (including four who served in both houses). The states from which they were elected are largely diverse, with only three states having multiple members on the list: Virginia had four, Ohio had three, and Maine had two. With respect to Judicial service, the tendency is toward higher office. Twelve members of the list served on the Supreme Court of the United States - three as chief justice. Of the other twelve, six served on one of the federal courts of appeal (called federal circuit courts pre-1912), one went from a district court to a circuit court, and nine garnered their judicial branch service in district court judgeships alone. Three of the Supreme Court Justices on the list had previously served on federal circuit courts. For nineteen of the members of the list, their judicial appointment was also their final point of service. Of the other five—one Supreme Court justice, and four District Court judges—four resigned from the bench to take cabinet posts. The fifth instance was a district court judge who resigned the bench to take a seat in the United States Senate. Three people on the list—James F. Byrnes, Salmon P. Chase, and Levi Woodbury—have, in addition to their varied federal government service, also served as governor of a U.S. state. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of people who have served in all three branches of the United States federal government」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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